Setting up your own IRC Server in Windows

Hi all,

This post will cover the basic setup of Unreal IRC server. UnrealIRCd is an open-source irc server daemon (ircd) that allows users to run their own IRC server from their system. Unreal is just one of the many ircds out there for use. This server is described as having “possibly the most security features of any IRC server.” Unreal can be configured on both Windows and Linux.

Installation

Step 1: Download Unreal3.2.8.1.exe from www.unrealircd.com.

Step 2: Navigate to the download destination on your computer and run the file named “Unreal3.2.8.1.exe”.

Step 3: Move through the installer by pressing Next. The installer will let you choose the location in which UnrealIRCd will be installed. The default location is C:\Program Files\Unreal3.2.

Step 4: Click Next. If you haven’t already got the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable package installed, it will now be installed. Simply click Next, check the box that indicates that you have read the terms and then click Install. When it’s done, click Finish.

Step 5: UnrealIRCd will now install automatically.

Configuring Unreal

Now that we have completed the installation process. We will now need to configure UnrealIRCd.

Step 1: Open the example.conf file and rename it as unrealircd.conf and move it to the main Unreal3.2 directory. (C:\Program Files\Unreal3.2 by default)

Step 2: Open up unrealircd.conf in a text editor.

Step 3: Do the following changes,

Necessary Modules

In unrealircd.conf locate the Linux and Windows module section near the top of the configuration file. Uncomment (Remove the two slashes in front of the lines) the two “loadmodule” lines for your server’s respective operating system.

 /*FOR Windows, uncomment the following 2 lines:*/  
 loadmodule "modules/commands.dll"; 
 loadmodule "modules/cloak.dll";

Me Block

After opening unrealircd.conf, locate the me {} block. Edit the name and the info lines with the server name and description that you want.

me { 
name "server.name";
info "Server Description"; 
numeric (server numeric*); 
};

Example:

me { 
name "irc.foonet.com";
info "FooNet Server";
numeric 1; };

Admin block

Locate the admin {} block and add in some information about the server admin (you). You can have as many or as little lines as you want here.

 admin { 
"first line"; 
"second line"; 
[etc] 
};

Example:

admin {
"Bob Smith";
"bob";
"widely@used.name";
};

Oper Block

Locate the oper {} block. Edit “YourName” in the first line of the block to what you want your oper login to be. You’ll also have to change the host in the “userhost” line to your own host.

oper (login) {
 class newclass
 from {
 userhost (ident@host);
 userhost (ident@host);
 };
 flags {
 (flags here*);
 };
};

Example:

oper test {
class clients;
from {
userhost *@*;
password "test1"; }; flags {
netadmin;
can_zline;
can_gzline;
can_gkline;
global;
};
};

Listen block

This defines a port for the ircd to bind to and to allow users/servers to
connect to the server.

listen (ip number):(port number)
 { 
options { 
(options here); 
}; 
};

Example:

listen 192.168.1.4:8067;
listen 192.168.1.4:6667;

Link Block

Next, move down to the services link block. If we are connecting 2 servers we need a  link {} setting to connect properly. We are not going to do that so we just remove the link block.

TLD Block

This sets a different motd and rules files depending on the clients hostmask.

tld { 
mask (ident@host);
 motd "(motd file)";
 rules "(rules file)"; 
};

 Example:

tld { 
mask *@*.fr; 
motd "ircd.motd.fr"; 
rules "ircd.rules.fr"; 
};

Note that if we delete the above block, the a defaults (ircd.motd.fr, ircd.rules.fr) will be used by everyone.

Network Settings Block

Find the network settings block and change the network-name, default-server, services-server, stats-server and hidden-host prefix lines to your own network name.

Next you’ll have to change all three cloak keys to three random strings of numbers and letters. Cloak keys should be the same at all servers on the network. They are used for generating masked hosts and should be kept secret. The keys should be 3 random strings of 5-100 characters, (10-20 chars is just fine) and must consist of lowcase (a-z), upcase (A-Z) and digits (0-9).

After that, change the host block within the network settings block to your own network name. The host-on-oper-up value can be either ‘yes’ or ‘no’. Setting it to yes will automatically give people, when they oper up, the host specified for their position.

set { 
network-name "ROXnet";
default-server "irc.roxnet.org"; 
services-server "services.roxnet.org"; 
stats-server "stats.roxnet.org"; 
help-channel "#ROXnet"; 
hiddenhost-prefix "rox"; 
cloak-keys { 
"aoAr1HnR6gl3sJ7hVz4Zb7x4YwpW"; 
"90jioIOjhiUIOH877h87UGU898hgF"; 
"IOjiojiio8990UHUHij89KJBBKU898"; }; 
hosts { 
local "locop.roxnet.org"; 
global "ircop.roxnet.org"; 
coadmin "coadmin.roxnet.org"; 
admin "admin.roxnet.org"; 
servicesadmin "csops.roxnet.org"; 
netadmin "netadmin.roxnet.org"; 
host-on-oper-up "no"; 
}; 
};

Server settings Block

Change the kline-address to a working email address so that people who get banned can contact you. TheMaxchannelsperuser  is the maximum number of channels a user can be logged in. Anti-spam-quit-message-time  is the minimum time a user must be connected before being allowed to use a QUIT message. This will hopefully help stop spam. Oper-only-stats allows you to make certain stats oper only, use * for all stats, leave it out to allow users to see all stats.The Throttle is the limit of connection attempts per second per user.

set {
kline-address "test@test.com";
modes-on-connect "+ixw";
modes-on-oper "+xwgs";
oper-auto-join "#opers";
maxchannelsperuser 10;
anti-spam-quit-message-time 10s;
oper-only-stats "okfGsMRUEelLCXzdD";
throttle {
connections 3;
period 60s;
};
anti-flood {
nick-flood 3:60;
}; spamlter {
ban-time 1d;
ban-reason "Spam/Advertising";
virus-help-channel "#help";
}; };

Step 4: Save the file unrealircd.conf.
Step 5: Now double-click the UnrealIRCd icon on the desktop. After that go to default UnrealIRCd folder and open the file service.log. If the IRCd configuration is loaded without any errors then the file should have text something like this,

* Loading IRCd conguration . .
* Configuration loaded without any problems . .

Note: To connect to your IRC server, IRC client is required.

Thats it. Hope this post was helpful. 🙂

Secure any text message using ENCIPHER.IT

Hi all,

With all the Hacking news revolving around, I thought I may post something related to security. So this post is all about ENCIPHER.IT, which can be used to secure text messages by using encryption & decryption in Google mail, Facebook or any other site.

About ENCIPHER.IT, it’s just a simple bookmarklet that allows you to encrypt and decrypt messages before you send them. Encipher.it will encrypt your message using Symmetric key encryption implemented with AES256 and PDBKF2 key generation and it also uses SSL Digital certificate. The whole encryption and decryption is performed in your browser using JavaScript, so no data leaves your browser in plain text.

Step 1: Move on to ENCIPHER.IT homepage & get the bookmarklet, you can save that in your web browser. Step 2: Login to Google mail, Facebook or any other site and type your message and click the bookmark, when asked for password provide that.Step 3: To decrypt the same text click the same bookmark and enter the same password which you had provided to encrypt the text.

Now remember, if you are going to send encrypted text to your friend you’ve to first inform them beforehand the password. ENCIPHER.IT website also provides a Try it section, which is very useful if you don’t have a bookmarklet.

Hope this post was helpful 🙂

How to disable Auto Login in Ubuntu 11.04

Hi all,
Did you note the automatic Login when you turn on your ubuntu machine?
I have disabled it successfully and this is how I have done.

I will explain 2 methods, you can use any one of the 2 methods,
Method 1:

1) Open up a Terminal.

2) Copy & paste the following code into the terminal,
 sudo gedit /etc/gdm/custom.conf

This will open a file custom.conf, whose contents will be as follows,
[daemon] 
AutomaticLoginEnable=true
AutomaticLogin=user 
TimedLoginEnable=false

4) Now, change the value of AutomaticLoginEnable to False.

5) Save the file & Restart your machine.

Method 2:
The other way to disable Automatic Login is,

1) In menu goto System >> Administration >> Login Screen

2) This will open a Login Screen settings like this,
 3) Now change the settings to Show the screen for choosing who will
   login, as shown in the below figure.

You can now restart your system and see that you have diabled automatic Login.
Hope this post was helpful 🙂

How to add ClustrMaps to your WordPress blog

Hi all,

As I wanted to know the site visitors for my blog. I went through some googling and finally added ClustrMaps to my blog. Here is how i did that,

ClustrMaps helps you to locate all site visitors. ClustrMaps provides not only the site statistics but also a map to see where the visitors are from. The bigger the red dot the more viewers you have in that area.

How to add ClustrMap,

1. You can create a ClustrMap for your blog @ ClustrMaps.

2. Once you make a map for your blog, they’ll give you a small html code which is to be inserted in your blog.

3. Copy & Paste the html code to the Text plug-in to your blog. (i.e dashboard <Appearance < Widgets) and save it.

 It could take a day for the map to get active.

Now just add ClustrMaps to your site and Enjoy 🙂

BOTNET – An Introduction

Hi all,

“Terrorists may be able to do more with a keyboard than with a bomb.
We understand the power of the bomb and the bullets but now we also
have to understand 'cyber-terrorism'

According to Symantec Internet Security Threat Report – 2010, there are more than 1 million bots observed in 2010. Symantec also observed an underground economy advertisement in 2010, promoting 10,000 bots for $15 and for each “stolen” credit card number prices range from $0.07 to $100.

This shows how botnets are used as a vehicle for today’s cyber – terrorism & cyber – crime. This post will give you a basic idea of botnet.

Bot A ‘bot’ is a type of malware which allows an attacker to gain complete control over the affected computer.
Bot Master / Herder The bot master can perform coordinated activities with bots by issuing commands.
Botnet Botnet is a network of infected systems (i.e. bots) under the control of a bot master.

Computers that are infected with a ‘bot’ are generally referred to as zombies.

The above figure has 3 phases,

  • Startup – the startup of bot is automatic without any user actions.
  • Preparation – a bot establishes a C&C channel with its bot master.
  • Attack – The bot will perform local or remote access sooner or later.

Once a host is infected by the botnet master, which sends out viruses or worms, it automatically downloads the bot binary source from the remote botnet master and installs it. The zombie machine, when it is up and connected to the Internet, will log into the C&C channel and wait for bot master’s commands. Bot master logs into the C&C and can issue commands for the bots to perform.

For example an attack can be launched as below,

  1. The attacker sends command to the C&C server.
  2. The C&C server in-turn connects to all other bots and forms a botnet.
  3. The attacker pays money to the bot master to gain access to the botnet.
  4. Spammer sends instructions to the group of bots to do some malicious tasks such as spam.
  5. Now the botnet sends spam to other hosts.

Hope this post was helpful 🙂

CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team)

Hi all,

This post is about CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team).                                                              CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) is a government-mandated information technology (IT) security          organization. CERT-In was created by the Indian Department of Information Technology in 2004. CERT-In’s primary role is to raise security awareness among Indian Cyber community and to provide technical assistance and advice them to help them recover from computer security incidents.

CERT-In also responds to computer security incidents, provides security service, reports on vulnerabilities, provides approximate statistics of web defacements happening in India and it also promotes effective IT security practices throughout the country .

CERT-In also provides links to various World CERT’s, Security sites, Security tools, Antivirus resources etc., For more information visit,

                        www.cert-in.org.in

This is a very informative website maintained by Government of India. Hope you all find this post useful. 🙂

Padma – Firefox & Google Chrome Add-on for viewing Indian Language Websites

Hi all,

Even though Indic scripts are supported through Unicode’s by modern
platforms & browsers. But many websites still use the non-standard
text, so that we have to install the proprietary fonts in our computer, to
view those pages properly. We can solve this problem by adding
Padma add-on to your Firefox or Google chrome browser.

I am using this add-on in my browser and its very useful for reading
on-line newspapers, viewing Indic websites. This add-on currently supports
Telugu, Malayalam, Tamil, Devanagari (including Marathi), Gujarati, Bengali,
and Gurmukhi
.

For more Information & downloads visit this site.
Now Enjoy reading Newspapers in your own languages. 🙂

Readability – Firefox Add-on that makes reading webpages easier

Hi all,

Readability is a Firefox add-on that makes reading web pages easier. By activating the Readability add-on on a particular web page, it compresses the original web page & displays only the main contents of that page (i.e. text).

So that we can easily go through the important data in a website by skipping the ads, images etc. You can activate it by just clicking the readability icon on Firefox status bar (or) by using the below keyboard shortcuts. By right clicking on the readability icon you can get other Styling Options.

Keyboard Shortcut                     Usage
CTRL + ALT + R To activate Readability
CTRL + R To return to the Original page
CTRL + SHIFT + A To activate Autoscroll
0 to 9 To Set scroll speed
To Decrease scrolling speed
= To Increase scrolling speed
SHIFT + – To Decrease scrolling speed quickly
SHIFT + = To Increase scrolling speed quickly
ESC or q Quit

For Mac users

Keyboard Shortcut                     Usage
Command + Option + R To activate Readability
Command + R To return to the Original page

For more information & downloads visit this site.
Happy reading 🙂

How to install WordPress Locally

Hi all,

In this post, I am going to explain about installing WordPress in your local computer. I started using WordPress locally because my Internet connection was very slow and I was not able to update and preview files often.

This is very useful for designers & users, who want to test new plugins and themes before using them in their own website. By installing WordPress locally you can also save time & money.

The following 5 steps will help you install WordPress locally,

  1. Install a Local Server
  2. Download WordPress
  3. Create a New Database
  4. Create configuration File
  5. Install WordPress

Install a Local Server

In order to run any PHP/database application locally in your system, you need a local host (ie., Apache + MySQL). For Linux, use LAMP. For Windows, use WAMP.

Requirements to run WordPress locally,

  • PHP version 4.3 or higher
  • MySQL version 4.1.2or higher

I am using Linux here, so I am going to install LAMP. LAMP stands for Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP. Here is my previous post about How To Setup a LAMP Server for Ubuntu.

Download WordPress

Step 1: Download WordPress from wordpress.org.

Step 2: After downloading WordPress (.zip or .tar.bz ), extract it in a folder (say wordpress) and move the wordpress folder inside the /var/www/ directory. So now your installation url will be http://localhost/wordpress/ where you can have access to your WordPress.

Create a New Database

Step 1: Open up any web browser & type the following web address,

http://localhost/phpmyadmin/

Step 2: You will be taken to the login page and provide the root password.Step 3: Now create a database with the database name wordpress,

then create a new user: wpadmin with all privileges and password: wppass.Note: If you face problems to open WordPress url, then you must change permissions for /var/www/wordpress with this command as root in your terminal:

chmod -c 777 -R /var/www/wordpress/

Create configuration File

Step 1: To create the configuration file, open up wp-config-sample.php in /var/www/wordpress and paste the following lines of code:

 // *** MySQL settings *** // 
 define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress'); 
define('DB_USER', 'wpadmin'); 
 define('DB_PASSWORD', 'wppass'); 
 define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

save it as wp-config.php.

The username & password specified in the wp-config file, is used by WordPress to access the MySQL database.

Install WordPress

Step 1: Run the WordPress installation script by pointing your browser to,

http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin/install.php.

Once you have set up WordPress, you can initially log in as ‘admin’ with a system-generated password which will be emailed to you. Then set up a second administrator account with a strong password, log off and then log in with that account and delete the default ‘admin’.Choose something you will remember for both username and password.

You can login to WordPress at,

http://localhost/wordpress/wp-login.php

You can preview WordPress by pointing the browser to the below web address,

http://localhost/wordpress/

Now that we have successfully installed WordPress locally.

Hope you find this post helpful. Happy blogging 🙂

To Setup a LAMP Server on Ubuntu

Hi all,
This post will help you install LAMP server in your Ubuntu machine. LAMP stands for Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP.
There are 3 basic steps in installing the LAMP Server,

  1. Installing & Testing Apache
  2. Installing & Testing PHP
  3. Installing & Testing MySQL

Installing Apache

Step 1: Open up the Terminal.

Step 2: Copy & Paste the following code into the terminal,

sudo apt-get install apache2

Step 3: You will be asked for root password, provide that. Now you have installed Apache.

Testing Apache
To make sure that you have correctly installed it, we will now test Apache to ensure that it is working correctly.

Step 1: Open up any web browser & enter the following web address,

http://localhost

If Apache is working properly, you will see a page like thisInstalling PHP

Step 1: Open up the terminal.

Step 2: Copy & Paste the following code into the terminal,

sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

Step 3: To make the PHP work, we have to restart Apache by using the following code,

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Testing PHP
Step 1: Open up the terminal.

Step 2: Copy & Paste the following code into the terminal,

sudo gedit /var/www/testphp.php

The above code will open up a file testphp.php.

Step 3: Now copy & paste the following PHP code into the testphp.php file,

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Step 4: Save the file and close it.

Step 5: Open up any web browser & enter the following web address,

http://localhost/testphp.php

If the installed Apache & PHP are working properly, you will see a page like thisInstalling & Testing MySQL

Step 1: Open up the Terminal.

Step 2: Copy & Paste the following code,

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Step 3: Now you can set the MySQL root password by using the following code,

mysql -u root

Following that Copy & Paste this code,

mysql>SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('yourpassword');

Note: Make sure that you change “yourpassword” to your root password.

Step 4: Now we are going to install a new program phpmyadmin, which is an easy tool to edit your database. So Copy & Paste the following code into the terminal,

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql phpmyadmin

Step 5: Our next task is to get PHP to work with MySQL by editing the php.ini file using the following code,

gksudo gedit /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

Now we are going to uncomment the following line by removing the semicolon(;),

;extension=mysql.so

to look like,

extension=mysql.so

Step 6: Now restart Apache by using the following code,

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Step 7: Now you can test your phpmyadmin installation by entering the following web address in your web browser,

http://localhost/phpmyadmin

You will see a page like thisNote: In this post I am referring Apache2 and PHP5 versions.

Now you have successfully installed the LAMP server in your Ubuntu machine. Hope this post was very useful. 🙂